When the external voltage applied to the PN junction is in such a direction that it cancels the potential barrier, thus permitting current flow, is called as forward biasing.
Read MoreWhat is Forward & Reverse Biasing of PN Junction?
A PN junction diode is the first semiconductor device in semiconductor family. It is also known as unidirectional current device, because it allows current only in one direction through it.
Read MoreConstruction of PN junction diode
The devices like diodes, transistors, ICs used in electronic circuits are manufactured with the help of extrinsic semiconductor. When a trivalent or pentavalent element is mixed with pure Silicon crystal (i.e. intrinsic semiconductor), the new material is formed known as extrinsic semiconductor.
Read MoreWhat is Extrinsic Semiconductor?
The pure crystal of semiconductor (Si or Ge) is known as intrinsic semiconductor at room temperature. The Silicon atom has 14 electrons revolving around its nucleus. In first orbit it contains 2 electrons, in second orbit 8 electrons i.e. 4 electrons in last orbit, known as valence electrons.
Read MoreWhat is Intrinsic Semiconductor?
Some substances like Germanium, Silicon, Carbon, etc. are neither good conductors like copper nor insulators like glass. The resistivity of these materials lies in between conductors and insulators. Such substances are known as semiconductors.
Read MoreWhat is Conductor, insulator & semiconductor?
In mesh analysis any resistive, inductive or capacitive circuit can be analysed to obtain current in any branch of the circuit. We shall use one simple example to understand mesh analysis.
Read MoreSimple Calculation Methods to Solve Problems of Mesh Analysis
A complex network consisting of sources and resistors can be replaced by a single equivalent source and single resistor in series with the source.
Read MoreThevenin’s TheoremA complex network consisting of number of sources of e.m.f. and resistors can be replaced by a single constant current source in parallel with a single resistance or impedance.
Read MoreNorton’s Theorem
The maximum power transfer theorem states that maximum power is transferred from source to the load when the internal resistance of the source is equal to the load resistance i.e. the power will be maximum when r = RL
Read MoreMaximum Power Transfer Theorem
In a linear network consisting of resistances and voltage sources, the value of the current in any branch is the algebraic sum of the currents due to each e.m.f., when all the other sources are replaced by their internal resistances.
Read MoreSuperposition TheoremIt states that when a number of voltage sources V1, V2, V3… are connected in parallel having their internal resistances as (r1, r2, r3 …) respectively, then this arrangement can be replaced by a single equivalent voltage source (V) in series with an equivalent series resistance (r).
Read MoreMillman’s Theorem
The flow of charges i.e. electrons from one point to another is called electric current. But this current is produced only when we apply potential difference across a conductor.
Read MoreHow does electricity work?
The Ohm’s Law states that so long as the physical state of the conductor remains the same, the amount of electric current (I) flowing through the conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference (V), provided the resistance (R) of the conductor remains the same.
Read MoreOhm’s Law and Concept of AC & DC
The KVL is the best tool to analyse the electrical and even electronic circuits. If you learn KVL properly, you will be able to read all the branches in a circuit like we read a book with all pages in it…! So don’t ignore this topic and the topic of KCL also. It is one of the most important topic in fundamentals of electricity and electronics.
Read MoreKirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)
In Kirchhoff’s Current Law, the algebraic addition of all currents in a closed circuit is always equal to zero. It gives us the idea of sign convention of currents in a circuit.
Read MoreKirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
Every electric source like battery or generator contains some internal resistance. This resistance is invisible, but it is always present within the source. If the internal resistance of the battery or generator is very low, its power delivering capacity is very high.
Read MoreInternal Resistance of Electric Source
There are two types of electric sources: Ideal and practical sources. As the name suggests the ideal source is always imaginary, while the practical source is the one which we use in our practical circuits.
Read MoreIdeal & Practical Voltage Sources
Definition: The rate of doing electric work is called electric power. The unit of electric power is Joule/second or Watt (W). The electric power can also be measured in kilo-watt-hour (kWh) or Joules (J).
Read MoreConcept of Electric Power
Electromagnetism is the physical interaction among electric charges, magnetic moments, and the electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic field can be static, slowly changing, or form waves. Electromagnetic waves are generally known as light and obey the laws of optics.
Read MoreFaraday’s Laws of Electromagnetic Induction
Electrostatics is a branch of physics that studies electric charges at rest. In this topic we have to study the working of capacitor in terms of electrostatics.
Read MoreBasic Concepts of Electrostatics
