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Laboratory Instruments

The Laboratory Instruments is a study series of very important and useful posts, articles and study material specially written for the students of 12th standard electronics, electronics engineering and computer engineering. Every post in this study series contains detailed explanation of cathode ray oscilloscope, cathode ray tube, internal structure of CRT, focusing of e-beam, working of DMM, function generator and many more…

What is Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)? Explain with diagram

Applied Electronics

Dr. Dattaraj Vidyasagar
February 23, 2022
December 18, 2024
1

Let us see what is Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)? Explain with diagram CRT. The cathode ray tube is the most important part in CRO. It is made up of thick glass (with vacuum inside) and it is shaped like a funnel. There are number different electrodes inside the CRT.

How deflection system in CRT work? Explain with diagram

Applied Electronics

Dr. Dattaraj Vidyasagar
February 23, 2022
December 18, 2024
3

Let us see How deflection system in CRT work? Explain with diagram - The electron beam can be deflected using electric or magnetic field. As per the application of CRT, there are two types of deflection systems used in CRT – the electrostatic deflection system and the magnetic deflection system.

What is fluorescence Phosphorescence & Persistence in terms of CRT?

Applied Electronics

Dr. Dattaraj Vidyasagar
February 23, 2022
December 19, 2024

What is fluorescence, Phosphorescence & Persistence in terms of CRT? Complete article with correct definitions and details...

How the circuit of CRO works? Explain working of each block with block diagram

Applied Electronics

Dr. Dattaraj Vidyasagar
February 23, 2022
January 4, 2024

The working of block diagram of CRO is given here. The separate working of time base generator is also explained in details of intrinsic stand off ratio.

How to use the front panel controls of Cathode Ray Oscilloscope?

Applied Electronics

Dr. Dattaraj Vidyasagar
February 23, 2022
January 2, 2024

The instrument of CRO is fitted with number of controls on its front panel and the back panel along with the screen of CRT. These are different types of rotating knobs which are actually variable resistors to control voltages inside the CRO circuit.

How to measure AC/DC voltage & current using CRO? Explain with diagrams

Applied Electronics

Dr. Dattaraj Vidyasagar
February 23, 2022
January 4, 2024
1

The CRO is a versatile laboratory instrument. It is used for all types of measurements like AC/DC voltage, AC/DC current, frequency and phase measurements. These methods are explained in details with practice exercise.

How to measure frequency & phase using Lissajou’s patterns on CRO? Explain with diagrams

Applied Electronics

Dr. Dattaraj Vidyasagar
February 23, 2022
January 4, 2024

To measure the phase different between two waveforms, their frequencies must be same. Connect the two waveforms randomly at x-input and y-input of CRO. Keep time/div knob in x-y mode. Now a Lissajou’s pattern of an ellipse is obtained.

How digital multimeter works? Explain with diagram

Applied Electronics

Dr. Dattaraj Vidyasagar
February 23, 2022
January 4, 2024

To understand how digital multimeter works, let us see the block diagram of DMM is given below. The working of each block to measure different types of electrical quantities is explained.